Researchers from China’s National University of Defense Technology have proposed an open-source–style satellite network (OSSMC) to curb overcrowding in low Earth orbit and promote shared, sustainable access to space.
Over one million satellites are currently planned for launch, driven by competing constellations such as Starlink, Project Kuiper, and OneWeb. Each operates under its own closed architecture, creating duplication, interoperability barriers, and a growing threat of Kessler Syndrome—chain collisions that could render low Earth orbit (LEO) unusable.
A research team from the National University of Defense Technology, China, led by Jun Yang, has proposed a radically different model: an Open and Shared Sustainable Mega-Constellation (OSSMC). Published in the National Science Review (2025), the paper outlines a modular, open-source–inspired system designed to make satellites interoperable, interchangeable, and resource-efficient.
The OSSMC framework introduces two key innovations. The Sensors–Network–AI (SNAI) architecture divides satellite functions into detection, communication, and computation, turning each unit into a flexible network node. Complementing this, the Cloud–Pool–Terminal model treats satellites like cloud nodes that contribute idle computing power to a shared resource pool accessible from the ground.
Simulations show the OSSMC could reduce satellite counts to under 50,000, lowering collision risk and costs by 19%, while improving positional accuracy by 51%. However, geopolitical divides—especially restrictions on Chinese technology and Starlink’s military role—make collaboration difficult.
Still, the concept captures the essence of open source philosophy in space: shared standards, collective innovation, and sustainable growth. If realised, OSSMC could transform orbital infrastructure into a truly global, cooperative system.
